健康教育路径在尘肺病支气管肺泡灌洗治疗中应用效果

Curative effect of health education pathway in bronchoalveoar lavage treatment for pneumoconiosis patients

目的探讨采用健康教育路径对支气管肺泡灌洗术(BAL)围手术期尘肺病患者进行健康教育的效果。方法采用随机数字表法,将96例住院进行BAL的尘肺病患者分为观察组和对照组(各48例)。对照组患者予常规围手术期健康教育,观察组患者按照健康教育路径实施健康教育。收集2组患者住院期间不良反应情况,并调查其BAL围手术期健康知识知晓情况。结果健康教育路径实施前,2组患者各项健康知识条目的认知率分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。健康教育路径实施后,2组患者各项健康知识条目的认知率分别高于同组实施前(P<0.01),观察组患者共有15个健康知识条目的认知率高于对照组(P<0.05),且术中咳嗽和术后低热的发生率均低于对照组(4.2%vs 25.0%,2.1%vs 16.7%,P<0.05)。结论实施有效的BAL围手术期健康教育路径,有利于提高尘肺病患者对疾病防治知识的认知,减少BAL不良反应的发生。

Objective To investigate the effect of health education in the treatment of pneumoconiosis patients with bronchoalveoar lavage （BAL） during perioperative period. Methods Ninety-six pneumoconiosis patients treated with BAL in hospital were divided into observation group and control group （48 cases in each group）. The patients in the control group were given routine perioperative health education, and the patients in the observation group implemented perioperative health education in accordance with the health education pathway. Adverse reactions in hospital were collected, and the awareness of perioperative health knowledge of BAL was surveyed. Results Before implement of the health education pathway, there was no difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ） in the health knowledge between the 2 groups. After implementation of the health education pathway, the awareness of health knowledge of observation group and control group were higher than that of the same group before implementation of the health education pathway （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The awareness of 15 items of health knowledge was higher （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and the incidences of intraoperative cough and postoperative low fever were lower in the observation group than in the control group （4. 2% vs 25.0%, 2. 1% vs 16. 7%, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Executing effective healthy education pathway in perioperative BAL is helpful to improve the knowledge of disease prevention and control in pneumoconiosis patients, and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions during BAL.