倒班对石油化工企业员工高血压的影响

Effects of shift work on hypertension among petrochemical production workers

目的探讨倒班对石油化工企业员工高血压的影响。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择某石油化工企业2573名员工为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查和职业健康检查,分析倒班对其血压和高血压的影响情况。结果研究对象高血压患病率为15.1%。倒班组员工高血压患病率高于非倒班组(15.9%vs 10.7%,P<0.01),收缩压高于非倒班组[(119.8±14.9)vs(116.6±13.7)mmHg,P<0.01]。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,排除性别、文化程度、体质指数、父高血压史、母高血压史等混杂因素的影响后,倒班员工罹患高血压的风险高于非倒班者[比值比=1.49,95%置信区间为(1.05~2.12),P<0.05];倒班年限10~年和20~年的倒班员工罹患高血压的风险均高于倒班年限<10年者(P<0.05)。结论倒班可能通过影响石油化工企业员工收缩压而导致其罹患高血压的风险升高;倒班年限是倒班员工罹患高血压的危险因素。

Objective To assess the effect of shift work on hypertension in petrochemical production workers. Methods Totally 2 573 workers were recruited from a petrochemical company by convenience sampling method. We collected the basic information of participants via questionnaire and made occupational physical examination in these subjects to evaluate the relationship shift work with hypertension. Results The results showed that the prevalence of hypertension in the present study was 15.1%, and the shift workers were with significant higher prevalence compared with the non-shift workers （ 15.9% vs 10. 7% , P 〈 0. 05 ）. The systolic blood pressure levels were significant higher in shift work group than that in non-shift work group [ （ 119.8 ± 14. 9） vs （ 116. 6 ± 13.7 ） mmHg, P 〈 0. 01 ]. After adjusted for age, gender, education, body mass index, family history of hypertension, and other confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hypertension in shift work group was 1.49 times （95 % confidence interval was 1.05-2. 12 ） than that of non-shift work group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. By using stratified analysis by the duration of shift work in the shift workers, the risk of hypertension in the duration of 10- year and 20- year groups were higher than that of the duration less than 10- year group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Shift work exposure increases the prevalence of hypertension by affecting systolic blood pressure, and this risk can be enhanced with increasing duration of shift work.