中国两个城镇化率之差的内涵、演变、原因及对策

Connotation,evolution,reason and countermeasure of China's two urbanization rates

对我国常住人口城镇化率和户籍人口城镇化率之差的经济内涵、演变趋势、形成原因和优化措施进行了分析,结果显示:两个城镇化率之差可以近似地表示农村户籍半城镇化人口占全国总人口的比例,省、市一级的两个城镇化率之差没有经济意义;两个城镇化率之差整体上呈现逐渐上升的趋势,造成这一现象的主要原因是农业剩余劳动力向城镇转移的速度超过了农村户籍人口落户城镇的速度。提出要缩小两个城镇化率的差距,必须以提高户籍人口城镇化率为核心,在保护农民工权益、推动制度变革等方面采取有效措施。

This essay conducts a comprehensive analy- sis on the economic connotation, evolution trend, formation cause and optimization measures of the difference between the urbanization rate of the resident population and the urbanization rate of the household population in China. The results show that the difference between the urbanization rate of the resident popu- lation and the urbanization rate of the household population in China can approximate the proportion of the rural household pop- ulation in the total population and the difference between the two urbanization rates in the provinces and cities is not of economic significance. The difference between the urbanization rate of the resident population and the urbanization rate of the household population in China shows a gradual upward trend. It is the main reason that the speed of the transfer of agricultural surplus labor force more than the speed of rural household registration in the city. To narrow the gap between the two urbanization rates, it is necessary to improve the urbanization rate of household registra- tion as the core and take effective measures in protecting the rights and interests of migrant workers, speeding up institutional reform and other aspects.