反刍动物饲用抗生素替代物研究进展

Research Advances on Alternatives to Antibiotic Feed Additives in Ruminant Production

抗生素的违规使用威胁着畜牧业的健康发展,寻找可靠的抗生素替代物以减少抗生素的使用已成为当务之急。作者总结了反刍动物饲料中使用的抗生素种类,综述了益生菌、植物提取物、酶制剂、有机酸、抗菌肽、功能性寡糖等主要的反刍动物饲用抗生素替代物的作用机理,重点阐述了反刍动物饲用抗生素替代物对反刍动物瘤胃发酵、微生物区系、免疫机能及生产性能影响的研究进展,并对反刍动物饲用抗生素替代物在实际生产中的应用进行了展望,以期为后续对反刍动物饲用抗生素替代物的研究和应用提供参考。

Misuse of antibiotics imperils the development of animal husbandry in China,it is important to find reliable alternatives to antibiotics to reduce the use of antibiotics.This review summarizes the most common antibiotic feed additives already being used in ruminant feed,and gives an overview of the mechanism of alternative feed additives,such as probiotics,plant extracts,exogenous enzymes,organic acid,antibiotic peptides and oligosaccharides.The influences of alternative feed additives on rumen fermentation,immunity,microbial flora and production performance are presented.Their utility and limitations in modern ruminant production are also discussed.It can provide basis and references for further research and application of alternatives to antibiotics.