三氯乙烯的心脏发育毒性

Cardiac developmental toxicity of trichloroethylene

我国先天性心脏病位居出生缺陷疾病的首位。除遗传因素外,环境因素也是先天性心脏病的重要诱因。三氯乙烯是分布广泛的环境有机污染物,流行病学研究显示其与先天性心脏病存在相关性。动物实验和体外实验也发现,三氯乙烯可引起心脏畸形,并干扰人胚胎干细胞向心肌细胞的分化。目前三氯乙烯心脏发育毒性的分子机制尚不明确。本综述从流行病学研究、动物实验、体外实验以及分子机制等方面探讨三氯乙烯心脏发育毒性的研究进展。

Congenital heart diseases （CHDs） are the leading type of birth malformations in China. In addition to genetic mutations, environmental factors also contribute to the development of CHDs. Trichloroethylene （TCE） is a widespread environmental organic contaminant. Epidemiological studies show a strong association between maternal TCE exposure and CHDs. TCE is also found to be able to induce cardiac defects in animal experiments, and in vitro experiment results indicate that TCE prevents cardiac differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. However, the underlining molecular mechanism of cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE is largely unknown. This review discussed the latest advances on cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE from the aspects of epidemiological studies, animal experiments, in vitro exoeriments, and molecular mechanisms.