氮密交互对红小豆干物质积累规律及产量的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer and Density Level on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Adzuki Bean

为揭示氮密交互对红小豆干物质积累规律及产量构成的影响,采用裂区试验设计,通过设置4种不同种植密度和3种施氮模式,研究氮密互作对红小豆干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明,相同施氮条件下,单株叶片、茎秆和荚果的干物质积累量随种植密度的增加而降低,在密度为14万株/hm^2时干物质积累量最大;单位面积的叶片、茎秆和荚果干物质积累量随密度的增加表现为先升后降,当密度为21万株/hm^2时干物质积累最多,密度高于21万株/hm^2则表现出下降的趋势;相同密度条件下,播种前(基肥)和初花期(追肥)各施纯氮20kg/hm^2时干物质积累量、同化干物质对产量的贡献率和产量均高于其他处理。结果证明,红小豆产量随着花荚期后干物质积累量的增加而显著增加,因此花荚期后干物质的增加对红小豆高产更重要。本研究结果为黑龙江省红小豆高产栽培提供科学依据。

The effects of interaction between nitrogen and density on dry matter accumulation and yield of adzuki bean was investigated in this study. The field experiment was conducted by setting four different plant populations and three nitrogen application patterns by using of randomized block experimental design. The results indicated that the dry matter accumulation per plant of the leaf, stem and pod under the same fertilization pattern showed the tendency of decreasing with the increase of planting density. At the density of 140 000 plants/hm2 dry matter accumulation was more than those under other treatments. Dry matter accumulation per m2 of leaf, stem and pod increased first and then decreased as planting density increased. The accumulation of dry matter was the most under density of 210 000 plants/ hm2, however the trend showed a decrease when the density was more than 210 000 plants/hm2. Within the same planting density, F2 had higher dry matter accumulation, higher contribution rate of assimilated dry matter to seed yield and the yield than other treatments. Overall, results of this study demonstrated that the accumulation of dry matter after flowering and pod stages had a more important effect on yield of adzuki bean, providing a theoretical basis for the planting adjustment for the high yield and scientific fertilization in the production of adzuki bean in Heilongjiang Province.