磁性聚氨酯泡沫的微观形貌及低频吸声性能

Micro topography and low frequency sound absorption performance of magnetic polyurethane foam

针对传统聚氨酯泡沫吸收低频噪声效果较差的问题,采用一步全水发泡法制备添加磁性颗粒(羰基铁粉(CIP))的聚氨酯泡沫。搭建磁性聚氨酯泡沫(MPF)的吸声实验平台,从宏观和微观的角度研究聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯的配比及CIP对MPF吸声性能的影响。通过SEM观测MPF的微观形貌,采用统计学方法对泡孔尺寸进行分析,并利用阻抗管和传递函数法对64~1 600Hz范围内MPF的吸声性能进行测试。实验结果表明,CIP的加入,使MPF平均孔径减小,孔径对数分布标准差增加,开孔率和低频吸声性能得到提高,特别是低于500 Hz部分;当聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯比例为100∶60、CIP含量为5wt%时,MPF的低频吸声性能最优,其64~500Hz范围内的平均吸声系数达到0.22。

Traditional polyurethane foam was not good at absorbing the low-frequency noise,so magnetic polyurethane foam（MPF）loaded with carbonyl iron powder（CIP）was presented by one-step full water foaming method.Sound absorption test-platform of MPF was built.The influence of both the ratio of polyether polyols and isocyanate and CIP on sound absorption properties was investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic view.The micro topography of MPF was observed through SEM,the cell size was analyzed using statistical method,and the sound absorption performance of 64-1 600 Hz was tested by impedance tube and the transfer function method.The results show that the addition of CIP makes the average pore size of MPF decrease,the logarithmic distribution standard deviation increase,the open rate increase and the low-frequency sound absorption performance improve,especially less than 500 Hz;when the ratio of polyether polyol and isocyanate is 100∶60,with 5 wt% CIP,the low-frequency sound absorption performance of MPF is optimal and the average sound absorption coefficient of 64-500 Hz is 0.22.