近代中国外交的两难困境——“李完用”污名释义

Diplomatic Dilemma of Modern China: Explanation of Stigma “Li Wan-yong”

韩国总理大臣李完用因签订日韩合并条约而在邻邦中国成为"卖国贼"的代名词。清末以降,历届政府领导人和反对派领袖以及中外交涉当事人,常常因外交问题被冠以"李完用"的骂名。这种现象的产生,一方面源自戊戌变法之后朝野各方对海外势力的广泛和深度依赖;一方面也源于朝野各方对民族主义资源的争夺和利用。由此造就的两难困境,一方面加剧了政府与民间在外交问题上的对抗状态,导致各政治势力特别是政府执政合法性的流失,压缩了外交回旋余地;一方面也促使中国在整体态势上对外保持较高调门,避免了中国重蹈李完用统治下的朝鲜的覆辙,最终通过抗争而不是屈服的方式迎来了新生。

Mter signing the treaty of mergence between Japan and Korea, Li Wan -yong, the Korean Prime Minister＇ s name, was regarded as a synonym for ＂traitor＂. Since the late Qing dynasty,＂Li Wan -yong＂ this bad name was often used to describe the government leaders, the opposition groups＇ leaders and people who participated in Chinese and Foreign countries＇ negotiation. After Hundred Days＇ reform of 1898 ,Chinese government and public deeply and widely relayed on western pow- ers. One the other hands, people of various circles fought for nationalism resources. Those are this situation coming into being＇ s two important reasons. This dilemma has brought two results. With the the diplomatic confrontation between government and ci- vilians becoming more and more serious, political powers especially government＇ s ruling legality are absent. There was very lit- tle leeway in diplomacy. On the other hands, Chinese government dealt with foreign issues sharper than before that China didn＇ t make the same mistakes as Korean government under the ruling of Li Wan - yong did. Finally, China obtained a new life by fighting instead of yielding to powers.