土石坝施工技术的现状与发展趋势

Present Situation and Development Trend of Earth-rock Dam Construction Technologies

阐述了土石坝施工技术发展的现状,围绕着未来高土石坝建设的特殊地理位置、水文气象、地形地质,以及经济发展等,对土石坝施工技术发展趋势的展望认为,土石坝散粒体结构所具有的适应变形能力使其在地震多发、具有深厚覆盖层的西部地区更具合理性;超大型土石方施工机械制造技术,提高了土石方施工的机械化水平,从而在工期、造价等方面比其他坝型更具竞争优势;地基防渗处理技术的突破,使高土石坝在深厚覆盖层、基岩软弱或存在地质缺陷地区筑坝更具有经济性,更具生命力。

Present situation of the construction technologies of earth-rock dam is expounded. In view of the issues of special geographical location, hydro-meteorology, topography and geology, and economic development of future high earth-rock dam construction, the development trend of earth-rock dam construction technologies is analyzed. It is believed that, （a） the deformation adaptability of loose granular structure in earth-rock dam body is more rational in western region of China with earthquake-prone and deep overburden layer; （b） the development of manufacturing technology for super large earthwork construction machinery will improve the mechanization level of earthwork construction, which is more competitive than other types of dams in construction duration and cost; and （c） with the breakthrough in seepage treatment technology of foundation, the high earth-rock dam is more economic and vital when founded in the areas with deep overburden, weak bedrock or geological defects.