碳纳米材料的水环境行为及对水生生物毒理学研究进展

A Review of Aquatic Environmental Behavior of Carbon Nanomaterials and Their Toxicological Effects on Aquatic Organisms

随着纳米科技的迅猛发展,人工碳纳米材料的生产和使用逐年递增,越来越多的碳纳米材料进入水环境中,对水生生物产生毒性效应。本文在介绍了碳纳米球、石墨烯、碳纳米管3种碳纳米材料的基础上,分析了碳纳米材料的水环境行为,重点综述了碳纳米材料对水生生物毒性效应研究现状,以及可能的致毒机制,并指出今后碳纳米材料对水生生物毒理学亟待加强的研究领域。

More and more carbon nanomaterials have migrated into the water environment through various ways with the wide application of carbon nanomaterials, which lead to toxic effects on aquatic organism. In this paper, environmental behaviors of carbon nanomaterials including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphenes were introduced. This paper reviewed the research status of the aquatic biological toxicity of carbon nanomaterials and the possible toxic mechanism. The recent toxicological researches of aquatic organisms on the three kinds of carbon nanomaterials were summarized. Finally, the research direction that should be strengthened is proposed.