转基因作物对鱼类的生态毒理效应研究综述

Overview of Ecotoxicological Effects of Genetically Modified Crops on Fish

转基因作物潜在的健康和环境风险一直以来颇受争议,转基因作物加工成动物饲料后可能会诱导动物产生免疫应激反应,影响动物的生长发育、繁殖等。鱼类是水生脊椎动物的代表,已广泛应用于水环境的监测,但目前转基因作物对鱼类的饲用安全性研究还相对较少。文章基于转基因作物作为鱼饲料原料对鱼类生态毒理学效应的研究现状,综述了转基因作物对鱼的生长表现、生理生化、脏器功能及发育、组织病理以及行为活动等方面的生态毒理学效应,分析了当前研究中存在的问题,并对今后的研究趋势进行了探讨。

The potential health and environmental risks of genetically modified （GM） crops have always been controversial. Using GM crops as animal feed ingredients might induce immunological reactions and affect animal growth and reproduction. Fish are representative aquatic vertebrates that have been widely used to monitor water contamination. At present, studies on the safety of GM crops as fish feed ingredients are relatively scarce. This paper, based on the current state of ecotoxicological research regarding GM crops as fish feed ingredients, reviews the ecotoxicological effects of GM crops on growth performance, physiological and biochemical indices, organ function and development, histopathology and activity of fish, analyzing the current work and areas where further research is needed.