石煤钒矿清洁生产绿色提钒工艺研究

Study on Clean Vanadium Extraction Process From Stone Coal Vanadium Mine

指出了陕西五洲矿业股份有限公司原生产工艺采用"浸出—固液分离—氨水中和—萃取反萃取—铵盐沉钒",存在浸出率、萃取率低、废水氨氮含量高、废水处理成本高、废水回用后对生产指标影响较大等问题。为解决这些问题,经过试验研究,采用石灰石替代氨水中和萃取液,对浸出工段添加高效浸出剂及开发无铵沉钒技术,最终确定了"高效浸出—石灰石中和萃取原液—萃取反萃取—无铵水解沉钒—选矿废水循环利用"的清洁生产绿色提钒工艺,经试验研究及工业应用结果表明:高效浸出工艺浸出率达90%,石灰石中和后萃取率达99%,无铵水解沉钒率达98%,可得到纯度98%以上的五氧化二钒产品,使选矿废水循环使用实现了实质性零排放。

The original production process of Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co. , Ltd. is ＂leaching--solid--liquid separation --ammonia neutralization--extractionand stripping--ammonium vanadium precipitation＂ with low leaching rate and extraction rate. Moreover, there is high concentration of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. The treatment of wastewater is high. Reuse of wastewater has a great impact on the production index. To solve these problems, through experimental research, limestone was substituted to neutralize the extract. High efficiency leaching was add- ed to the leaching section. Ammonium-- free vanadium precipitation technology was also developed. Finally, the green vanadium extraction process of ＂efficient leaching -- neutralization and extraction of limestone -- extraction and stripping -- ammonium--free hydrolysis vanadium -- beneficiation wastewater recycling＂ was finally deter- mined. The experimental research and industrial application showed that the leaching rate is up to 90 %. After lime- stone neutralization, the extraction rate reaches 99%. The vanadium--free vanadium precipitation rate reaches 98 %. The vanadium pentoxide product with the purity of more than 98 % can be obtained. Recycling of mineral processing wastewater can achieve substantial zero discharge.