单桩柱式海上风力机与船舶碰撞的动力响应特性分析

Analysis of the Dynamic Response Characteristics of a Mono-pile Type Offshore Wind Turbine Colliding with a Ship

研究单桩柱式海上风力机受船舶碰撞后的动力响应特性，建立基于国内某单桩柱式的3MW风力机整机模型，运用显式动力学理论并结合非线性有限元方法，通过有限元分析软件LS—DYNA模拟不同质量的船舶以不同速度撞击风力机的碰撞过程。结果表明：在保证碰撞船舶质量（速度）不变的情况下，碰撞持续的时间随着船舶速度（质量）的增加而增加；碰撞结束后，质量一定的船舶回弹动能与初始动能之比随着初始动能的增加而减少；在初始动能较小时，最大接触力与船舶质量和速度都具有显著的线性关系，初始动能相同时，碰撞的最大接触力也基本相同。

To investigate the dynamic response characteristics of a mono-pile type offshore wind turbine after a collision with a ship, a whole machine model was established on the basis of a 3 MW mono-pile type wind turbine. By adopting an explicit dynamic theory combined with the non-linear finite element method, the finite element analytic software LS-DYNA was used to simulate the process of a ship at various masses and speeds to collide with a wind turbine. It has been found that under the condition of the mass （speed） of the ship in collision being kept unchanged, the collision duration time will increase with an increase of the speed （mass） of the ship. Upon the completion of the collision, the ratio between the rebound and initial kinetic energy of the ship in a certain mass wilt decrease with an increase of the initial kinetic energy. When the initial kinetic energy is relatively small, the maximum contact force and the mass and speed of the ship will all have a conspicuous linear relationship. When the initial kinetic energy is i- dentical, the maximum contact force of the collision will be also basically the same.