美国非常规原油输送设施建设及启示

Construction of unconventional crude oil transportation facilities in the United States and its enlightenment

完善的原油输送设施是美国非常规原油成功开发的关键因素,为了梳理出可供参考借鉴的成功经验,对美国为保障非常规原油开发采取的做法进行了调研,包括:加强原油管道建设投资、在无管道或管道运能不足的非常规油区采用铁路和水路输送原油、建立灵活的输油设施运营市场、制定保护国内运营商的政策法规等。此外,分析了当前中国在相关方面存在的差距,提出了加大原油输送设施投资、增强运营市场竞争、完善政策建设等建议。

Perfect crude oil transportation facilities are critical to the successful development of unconventional crude oil in the United States, it is necessary to study what the United States has done for the construction of unconventional crude oil transportation facilities, so as to provide the successful experience which can be used as the reference for China. Firstly, the unconventional crude oil development methods and strategies in the United States were investigated, such as strengthening the crude oil pipeline construction investment, making using of rail and water transportation modes for oil transportation in the unconventional oil areas with no pipelines or insufficient pipeline transportation capacity, establishing flexible oil transportation facility operating market, and formulating policies and regulations to protect the domestic operators. The gap between China and the United States in the related aspects was pointed out. And finally, it was recommended to increase the investment in crude oil transportation facilities, strengthen the competition of operation markets, and perfect the policy construction in China.