水肥一体化对基质栽培下樱桃番茄品质的影响

Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on the Quality of Cherry Tomato with Substrate Culture

对温室内基质栽培下的樱桃番茄进行水肥一体化试验,揭示樱桃番茄品质与灌水量及施肥量的内在关系。结果表明:灌水量及施肥量对樱桃番茄品质的影响都显著,且二者存在耦合效应。施肥量较低时,增加灌水量可有效提高其维生素C含量,但硝酸盐含量也随之增加;3种施肥量下,灌水量越高,樱桃番茄的可溶性总糖与可滴定酸越低;施肥量较低时,增加灌水量可有效提高其可溶性固形物含量,适中的水肥量出现最高的可溶性固形物含量。对维生素C而言,采摘前一月的最优水肥为高水中肥;对可溶性总糖与可滴定酸含量而言,最优水肥为低水高肥;对可溶性固形物而言,最优水肥为中水中肥;从降低硝酸盐含量而言,最优水肥为低水肥。

According to water and fertilizer coupling experiments of cherry tomato cultivated with substrate culture in the greenhouse,the inherent relationships between cherry tomato quality and irrigation quantity and fertilizer application rate were revealed.The experiment result indicates that the irrigation and fertilization have significant effects on cherry tomato quality,moreover,there has coupling effects;when the fertilizing amount is small,the vitamin C content will improve significantly with irrigation volume,whereas the nitrate content also increases;the higer the irrigation amount,the lower the titratable acid content and solubility sugar content of cherry tomato;when the fertilizing amount is on low level,the soluble solids content can be improved effectively by increasing irrigation,the soluble solids content will be obtained with modest water and fertilizer.Taking vitamin C content into consideration,the optimal fertilization for the period of one month before picking is heavy water and medium fertilization;taking soluble sugar content into consideration,the optimal fertilization is little water and heavy fertilization;taking soluble solid content into consideration,the optimal fertilization is medium water and medium fertilization;for reducing nitrate content,the optimal fertilization is little water and fertilization.