基于农作物与地下水作用试验的灌溉分区研究

A Study on Irrigation Division Based on Crop and Groundwater Experiment

通过不同地下水埋深对作物产量影响的试验,得到阜阳地区3种主要农作物在两种耕作土上的适宜地下水埋深及最优埋深,在无降水、干旱、灌溉及施肥等条件干扰下,亚黏土耕作时,小麦、大豆、玉米适宜的地下水埋深分别为0.6~1.5、0.4~1.0、0.4~1.0,最优地下水埋深分别为0.8、1、1.5 m;亚砂土种植条件下小麦、大豆、玉米适宜地下水埋深分别为0.4~1.5、0.6~1.5、1.5~2 m,最优埋深分别为1.0、1.5、1.8 m。在此结论的基础上,结合野外调查、实测等手段,获得阜阳地区地下水位埋深数据,研究了阜阳地区地下水埋深分布及其对灌溉的影响,并提出自然条件下不同农作物灌溉分区,为该地区节约地下水资源、科学灌溉,促进国家高标准农田高产高效等提供科学依据。

In this study,the suitable groundwater depth and the best groundwater depth of three main crops in two cultivated soils in Fu-yang are obtained based on the experiment of the influence of different groundwater depths on crop yield.In Loam distribution area,with no interference of rainfall,drought,irrigation and fertilization,the suitable groundwater depth of wheat,soybean and maize are 0.6-1.5,0.4 -1.0,0.4-1.0 m,while the best groundwater depth are 0.8,1,1.5 m,respectively.In sandy loam with same conditions,the suitable groundwater depth of wheat,soybean and maize are 0.4-1.5,0.6-1.5,1.5-2 m,respectively,while the best groundwater depth are 1,1.5,1.8 m,respectively.With the basement of these results,the data of groundwater depth in Fuyang is obtained by field survey and measurement which are used to study the groundwater depth distribution and its influence on irrigation in Fuyang.Besides,the irrigation division of different crops in natural condition are proposed,which will provide scientific basis for groundwater resource saving,scientific irrigation,and the promotion of national high standards,high yield and high efficiency of farmland in the study area.