大米淀粉硬碳负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

Preparation and electrochemical performance of rice starch hard carbon cathode material

以大米淀粉为原料,氯化铵为脱水催化剂,经一步程序加热得到大米淀粉硬碳,并制得大米淀粉硬碳负极材料。实验结果表明,大米淀粉硬碳的可逆和不可逆比容量随碳化温度升高而降低,1050℃碳化的样品首次库伦效率最高达到75.5%,0.1C首次充电比容量和放电比容量分别为656mAh/g和495.6mAh/g;0.1C、1C循环充放电时,第50次循环的比容量分别是第1次放电比容量的91.96%和85.48%。大米淀粉硬碳负极材料成本低廉、制备过程环境友好,有望在锂离子电池领域得到应用。

With rice starch as the starting material and ammonium chloride as the dehydration catalyst,rice starch hard carbon（RSHC） was prepared by one-step programmed heating process.The micro-structure and morphology of prepared RSHC samples were characterized respectively.The electrochemical performance analysis Indicated that the reversible and irreversible specific capacities of prepared RSHCs decreased as carbonization temperatures increased.The carbonized material had the highest initial efficiency（75.5% ）at 1050℃ （HC-1050）.The initial charge/discharge capacities of HC-1050 were 656 mAh/g and 495.6 mAh/g at 0.1 C.After 50 charge-discharge cycles at the rate of 0.1 Cand 1 C,91.96% and 85.48% of initial discharge capacity can be still reached,respectively.Rice starch hard carbon cathode material may be applied to the lithium-ion battery field due to the environmental friendliness of preparation process and the low cost of raw materials.