刺五加全球产地生态适宜性及品质生态学研究

Analysis of global ecology of Acanthopanax senticosus in suitability and quality

采用药用植物全球产地适宜性信息系统(geographic information system for global medicinal plants,GMPGIS)结合最大熵模型(maximum entropy model,Max Ent)软件对渐危药用植物刺五加进行全球产地适宜区分析,依据刺五加主要生态因子年均温、最热季均温、最冷季均温、年降水量、年平均湿度、年均日照的阈值范围,结合冗余分析RDA评估主产区刺五加紫丁香苷含量与主要生态因子之间的关联性,综合得出与刺五加有效成分含量紧密相关的生态因子。中国、俄罗斯、日本、朝鲜为刺五加的主产区,该药用植物在全球潜在适宜区分布于美国、加拿大、乌克兰、罗马尼亚、匈牙利和德国等22个国家;在中国境内,黑龙江、吉林、辽宁为刺五加原主产区,河北、山西、陕西及四川等省区可考虑引种扩种;RDA分析结果表明年均湿度、降水、温度为影响刺五加紫丁香苷含量的主要生态因子,并且在一定范围与含量呈正相关。本研究结果为刺五加适宜区的合理规划与资源再生提供参考依据。

Geographic information system for global medicinal plants （GMPGIS） and MaxEnt modeling are adopted to analyze the ecological suitability of the endangered plant Acanthopanax senticosus. Response curves were created by the raster data of 6 ecological factors, including mean annual temperature, mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, mean annual precipitation, mean annual humidity, and mean annual radiation. The relationship between the syringin content of this plant and these ecological factors was analyzed using a redundancy analysis method （RDA）, which could be used to predict the most relevant ecological factors influencing the active constituents of Acanthopanax senticosus plants. GMPGIS and MaxEnt results suggest that China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea, are the main producing areas in the world for Acanthopanax senticosus, while there are also other potential areas with maximum similarities of ecological distribution in the United States, Canada, Ukraine, Romania, Hungary, Germany and 22 other countries. In addition, the genuine producing areas in China mainly include Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning, while there are the maximum similarities of ecological distribution of Acanthopanax senticosus in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Sichuan. RDA results suggest that the mean annual humidity, precipitation, temperature are the most important eco-factors positively affecting the content of syringin in Acanthopanax senticosus. Our research provides scientific support to the utilization of ecological suitability areas for endangered plant Acanthopanax senticosus and the resource regeneration.