骈文与类书之关系论略

A Study on the Relationship Between Parallel Rhythmical Prose and Categorized Books

《皇览》产生于1700年前的曹魏时期,是我国文学史上第一部类书。此后,类书的编纂,无论官修与私刻,卷帙难以计数,贯穿于魏晋直至明清千百年间。究其原因,骈赋催生了类书,类书孵化了骈赋。六朝以降,骈文独立成体,类书一如雨后春笋,冒地而出,蔚为大观。类书之所以为类书,其为骈赋、诗文的创作,提供了新词丽句、奇字僻典、历史掌故、天文地理等素材。同时对于骈文的独立发展、成熟及全盛,起到了涵养文化底蕴、提升文学功用、淬炼文人气质的作用。古代文学的研究,不可轻忽类书,而骈文的研究与类书之关系尤为重要。

The Imperial Survey （《皇览》） was compiled in the Wei Period（魏） 1,700 years ago, which was the first categorized book （类书） in the history of Chinese literature. After this, large numbers of categorized books were compiled either by the government or by private owners, and the compilation of categorized books lasted from the Wei Period and the Jin Dynasty （魏晋） to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. When it comes to the reason for this phenomenon, it is parallel rhythmical Fu （骈赋） that brought about categorized books. In turn, categorized books incubated parallel rhythmical Fu. Starting from the Six Dynasties （六朝）, parallel rhythmical prose （骈文） became a separate genre while categorized books sprang up like mushrooms. Categorized books provided the creation of parallel rhythmical prose and Fu with novel expressions, beautiful sentences, peculiar words, rare allusions, historic anecdotes, astronomical knowledge and geographical knowledge. Categorized books played an important role in the independent development, maturity and flourishing of parallel rhythmical prose through enriching the cultural deposits, elevating the literary function and improving the temperament. In the study of ancient classical literature, categorized books cannot be neglected. Therefore, the relationships between the study of parallel rhythmical prose and categorized books is especially important.