生态文明视角下生态效率评价分析——以湖北省为例

Study on Ecological Efficiency from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization: Taking Hubei Province as an Example

在加快推进生态文明建设的过程中，实现绿色发展的背景下如何在最少的资源消耗和最轻微的环境损害的前提下取得最优的经济效益，是现阶段湖北省推进生态文明建设的迫切而关键的问题之一。基于2005-2014年湖北省12个地级市面板数据，运用Malmquist生产率指数（MPI）计算出湖北省地级市生态效率并对其结果进行分析。研究显示：2005-2014年湖北省的生态效率出现波动下降趋势，全省各地的环境生产总体状况呈现出环境生产技术水平大幅下降，环境生产效率却在上升的形式。但由于技术效率提高的速度小于技术退化的程度，最终使得湖北全省全要素环境生产率有所下降。

Nowadays, Hubei Province pays much attention to sustainable development with the purpose of building green province. Therefore, in the process of construction of ecological civilization in Hubei Province, how to get the optimal economic output with minimum resource consumption and minor environment damage is one of the most urgent problems. Based on the panel data of 12 prefecture-level cities in Hubei Province from 2005 to 2014, the Malmquist Productivity Index （MPI） was used to calculate the eco-efficiency of 12 prefecture-level cities in Hubei Province. According to the analyzed results, we find that there was a downward trend ecological eff^ciency in Hubei Province during the study period. As for the overall environmental production situation of the whole province in this period, results show that environmental production efficiency is improved while the level of environmental production technology has decreased greatly. This phenomenon may be resulteds from different speed, because the speed of technical efficiency improvement is slower than the extent of technology decline, and finally lead to the Hubei Province＇s environmental productivity declined.