西安唐故燕国太夫人李氏墓及相关问题

The Tomb of Madam Li of Yan in the Tang Dynasty and Related Issues

2016年11—12月,西安市文物保护考古研究院配合基本建设,于西安市长安区子午大道中段(西安邮电大学南880米处),唐代香积寺旧址北约300米处,发掘古墓葬6座。其中一座唐代墓葬(编号M2),为坐北朝南的竖穴墓道土洞墓,虽被盗扰严重,仍出有瓷器、陶器、骨器等13件(组)随葬品及墓志1合,确认墓主为大中十一年(857年)燕国太夫人李氏。志文记载详细,内容丰富,由此揭示绛郡李氏由来,李夫人诸祖、其夫窦佐及其子嗣乃至扶风窦氏职官迁转之史实,晚唐时期窦、李一系姻亲关系,及所反映世家大族相互联姻的社会历史现象等,补充了晚唐时期平判入等考试的等次划分有关规定,有证史、补史之重要价值。另外,确认了唐代皇甫村的位置,对唐代历史地理研究也有一定意义。

Between November and December 2016, six ancient tombs were discovered near the Tang dynasty Xiangji Temple in Xi＇an by Xi＇an Institute of Culture Relics Conservation. The Tang dynasty tomb M2 was an earth tomb facing the south with vertical opening. Although it had been robbed a lot, archaeologists unearthed thirteen pieces （sets） of burial objects made of porcelain, pottery and bone and an epitaph which indicated that the tomb occupant was Madam Li of Yan in the 11th year of Dazhong reign of the Tang dynasty. The epitaph recorded Li＇s forefathers, her husband Dou Zuo and their offspring as well as the promotion of the officials from the Dou clan. It reflected the social phenomenon that two grand families united through marriage and also completed the assessment regulation of officials in the Late Tang, displaying an important historical value. Moreover, it recorded the location of Huangfu village, which was helpful for the study of Tang dynasty history and geography.