小学生口腔龋齿患病情况及相关危险因素调查分析

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Related Risk Factors in Primary School Students

目的:分析小学生龋齿的患病情况,并总结其相关危险因素。方法:选取本市3所小学在读学生2165例作为抽样对象,分别检查其龋齿患病情况,并采用问卷调查方式对学生及其家长进行调查,以此明确小学生龋齿的相关危险因素。结果:共发放2165份调查问卷,回收2138份,有效回收率为98.8%,其中2032例学生存在龋齿,患龋率为95.0%。年龄越低,小学生患龋数量越高,不同年龄的患龋率比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05);家长文化程度、刷牙习惯、睡前进食甜食、经常进食甜食、经常饮用碳酸饮料与近12个月内开展口腔检查等均为小学生患龋的危险因素。结论:小学生的口腔龋齿问题较为严重,有必要通过提高家长认知、转变刷牙与进食习惯以及督促口腔检查来抑制龋齿问题的发生。

Objective：To analysis the prevalence of dental caries in primary school students,and to summary the risk factors.Methods：2165 students of 3 primary schools were selected as sample,who were carried out the caries examination.A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the risk factors of dental caries among pupils and their parents.Results：A total of 2165 questionnaires were issued and 2138 were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 98.8%.2032 students had decayed teeth,and the caries rate was 95%.The lower the age,the higher the number of caries in pupils,and the caries rate at different ages was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The parents＇ education level,brushing habits,bedtime eating sweets,often eating sweets,often drinking carbonated drinks,and nearly 12 months to carry out oral examination were risk factors for primary caries.Conclusion：The problem of dental caries in primary school students is serious.It is necessary to increase the awareness of parents,change the habit of brushing teeth and eating,and urge the oral examination to inhibit the occurrence of dental caries.