MicroRNAs对骨质疏松症发病机制的研究进展

The research progress in the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis

骨质疏松症是一种全身性骨代谢异常的疾病,发病的机制一直是研究热点、难点,目前主要集中在成骨细胞和破骨细胞方面,认为成骨细胞的功能下降和破骨细胞的活性增强是该病发生、发展的主要原因。miRNA是一种内源性高度保守的、单链的、非编码的小RNA,能够在基因转录后水平发挥负性调控作用。miRNA在骨质疏松症发病机制中的作用得到了广泛研究,不仅可调节成骨细胞的代谢,而且对破骨细胞的分化、增殖及凋亡等方面均起调控作用。本文梳理了最近miRNA在骨质疏松症中相关作用机制的文献,旨在为骨质疏松症的防治提供新思路。

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of abnormal bone metabolism.The study of its mechanism has always been the hot and difficult spot.Nowit mainly focuses on the aspects of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.It is believed that osteoporosis is caused by the down-regulation of osteoblast function and the up-regulation of osteoclast activity.miRNAs are single-stranded,non-coding,and small RNAs,capable of regulation the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level.The role of miRNA in osteoporosis has been widely studied recently.It has been found that miRNA can regulate the metabolism of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts.This reviewpresents recent articles about the role of miRNAs in osteoporosis,and aims at providing a newapproach for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.