超越机构重组:走向调适性监管

Beyond the Reconstruction:Toward Adaptive Regulation

本文将1992年以后我国食品安全监管体制改革划分为开放式监管、分环节互补式监管、综合协调互补式监管、集权互补式监管四个阶段。尽管监管机构不断重组,监管权力从分散走向集中,依赖发证的监管方式却并未发生实质性改变。监管方式的选择是监管理念的体现,"发证式监管"反映的是一种静态的政府"全能主义"监管理念。本文认为,破除我国食品安全监管困境,必须超越机构重组,引入调适性监管理念,认识到监管并非一劳永逸,而是动态性的,必须能够随着时间变化、科学技术进步、认知水平的发展而不断调整,将新的信息和技术进步不断整合进监管中来。

This article divides the reform of China＇s food safety regulation system stemming from 1992 into four stages：open regulation,separated complimentary regulation,synthetical complimentary regulation and centralized complimentary regulation.Although regulatory agencies have been repeatedly reconstructed,the way of regulating relying on entry has never changed practically.The way of regulating embodies the basic regulating ideas,namely by granting entry permits,which assumes a static and almighty state.This article argues that to tackle down the dilemma of current food safety regulation,our government must go beyond the reorganizations of regulatory agencies and adopt the idea of adaptive regulation.Regulation is not something that can be done once and forever,but a dynamic process which could change and adapt itself with the change of time,technology improvement and cognitive levels and combine emerging information and technology improvement into the process.