慢病患者药物依从性量表的研究

A review of medication adherence scale in patients with chronic diseases

目的:介绍几种常用的依从性评价量表,为临床以及科研中药物依从性量表的选择提供参考。方法:通过文献研究,总结归纳各种依从性评价问卷的特点。结果:不同量表具有各自的功能特点、适用人群。药物依从性问卷(MAQ)发展最早,条目少,简单易操作,适合初筛;8项Morisky药物依从性量表(MMAS-8)在MAQ的基础上发展而来,比MAQ具有更高的实用性,适用范围广,是现在使用最广泛的量表;适当用药的自我效能量表(SEAMS)侧重于自我效能的评估,但是分值计算较困难,比较耗时;简要药物依从性问卷(BMQ)包含了三方面的评估,包含详细的用药回顾但花费时间长;Hill-Bone量表只针对于高血压患者开发,包含钠的摄入和预约诊疗状况,更适用于黑色人种的高血压患者;药物依从性比率量表(MARS)是适用于慢性精神疾病患者依从性评价的工具,简单易评分。结论:现有的依从性评价工具中,并不存在一种金标准。在各种常用的依从性评价量表中,要根据临床及科研的目的、经济因素、时间因素等选择最适合的量表。

OBJECTIVE To introduce several commonly used medication adherence scales,and provide a reference for clinical work and research in the choice of medication adherence scale.METHODS Through the literature research,the characteristics of various compliance questionnaires were summarized.RESULTS The different scales had special functional characteristics and were suitable for specific populations.Medication adherence questionnaire（MAQ）was developed earliest,simple,easy to operate and suitable for screening.Eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale（MMAS-8）was developed based on MAQ,but had wider application and was the most widely used.The Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale（SEAMS）focused on the assessment of self-efficacy,but the score was more difficult and time-consuming.Brief Medication Questionnaire（BMQ）contained three parts of assessment,including detailed medication reviews but taking a long time.The Hill-Bone scale was only developed for hypertensive patients,including sodium intake and appointment status,and was more suitable for black patients with blood pressure.Medication Adherence Rating Scale（MARS）was a tool for compliance assessment of patients with chronic psychiatric disorders.CONCLUSION There is no gold standard for the existing adherence methods.In a variety of medication adherence scales,we have to choose the most appropriate scale for clinical work and research,according to the purposes,economic factors and time factors.