东北三省城市生产效率及其影响因素分析——基于三要素投入随机前沿分析方法的研究

Analysis of Urban Productivity and Influencing Factors in Three Northeast Provinces——A Study Based on the Three-Element Input SFA Model

在传统两要素投入的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数随机前沿模型的基础上,把土地要素纳入研究框架中,形成三要素投入随机前沿模型,采用最大似然估计方法,分析2000—2013年东北三省34个地级城市的生产效率变动趋势及影响因素。研究发现:东北三省城市整体的生产效率水平从2000年的29.8%稳步提高到2013年的54.9%,城市生产效率不断得到改善,但整体水平偏低;东北三省城市的生产效率由高到低依次为辽宁、黑龙江和吉林,辽宁省城市平均生产效率显著高于黑龙江省城市26.7%,而吉林省城市平均生产效率显著低于黑龙江省城市11.0%;政府介入经济程度、产业高级化程度和行政等级显著抑制了城市生产效率水平的提升,而基础设施建设水平显著推动了城市生产效率水平的提升。

This paper first constructs a SFA model of three-element input by incorporating the element of land in the SFA model of Cobb-Douglas function. Then, adopting the method of Maximum Likelihood Estimate （MLE） , the paper analyzes the tendency of ur- ban productivity development and its influencing factors based on the data of 34 northeast cities at prefecture level and above between 2000 and 2013. The results show that the average urban productivity in three northeast provinces is gradually improved, going up from 29.8% in 2000 to 54.9% in 2013, while the overall productivity remains low. From high to low, the rankings in productivity of the three northeast provinces are Liaoning, Heilongiiang and Jilin, with a significant difference of 26.7% between Liaoning and Hei- longjiang and another significant 11.0% between Heilongjiang and Jilin. Factors that impede the improvement of urban productivity in- clude government intervention in economy, upgrading of industries and administrative hierarchy while the construction of infrastructure in cities significantly promotes urban productivity.