能力导向的课堂有效教学

On Competence-oriented Effective Teaching in the Classroom

在教育学领域里,能力与知识构成一对范畴,相比较而言,知识是会被遗忘的东西,而能力则是留在学生身上的东西;知识是认知加工的对象和材料,能力则是认知加工的工具和策略;知识是树叶,能力是树根。从认知加工的角度,可以把学习能力分为阅读能力(输入)、思考能力(加工)、表达能力(输出)三种。这三种能力是学生学习的基本能力、核心能力。只有经过阅读、思考、表达这三个环节的学习,知识获得过程才能同时成为一个能力发展的过程,从而真正实现能力导向的课堂有效教学。

Competence and knowledge are a pair of counterparts in the discourse of education. Relatively speaking, knowledge is what will finally be forgotten while competence is the trait embodied in students constantly. Knowledge is the object and material for cognitive processing, competence is the tool and strategy for cognitive processing; knowledge can be interpreted as leaves and competence is the roots of the tree. From the perspective of cognitive processing, competence of learning can be divided into three categories： reading competence （input）, thinking competence （processing） and expression competence （output）. These three kinds of competences are basic and core to students＇ learning. Only through the processes of reading, thinking and expression can the knowledge acquisition process become simuhaneously the process of competence development, so as to truly achieve competence-oriented effective teaching.