丹江口水库消落带植被群落恢复模式研究

Study on restoration of vegetation community in water-level-fluctuating zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir

为充分利用丹江口水库库区消落带的土地资源,根据丹江口水库消落带形成时间短、地形差异大、人地矛盾突出的基本特征,提出消落带植被群落恢复的基本思路,包括库滨植物群落现状调查,消落带适生植物种质资源筛选,以及陡坡和缓坡群落配置。丹江口水库库滨有维管植物72科208属285种,共划分7种植物群落类型。通过筛选得到各类耐淹耐旱草本植物、灌木适生植物资源40多种。库区湖北境内消落带地形普遍较陡,可分高中低区位构建植被群落配置模式12种;河南境内地形较缓,可在高区位配置经济苗木,在中低区位构建植物群落配置模式12种。通过上述措施,有望恢复库滨生态屏障功能,促进库周可持续发展。

To fully use the land resources of water - level - fluctuation zone in Danjiangkou reservoir, by the consideration on the characteristics of the water - level - fluctuation zone such as short formation time, large difference of terrain and prominent contradiction between people and the land, the basic idea of vegetation community restoration in the water - level - fluctuation zone is proposed, including investigation on the current situation of plant community, suitable plant germplasm resources screening, and community collocation in steep slope and gentle slope. There are vascular plants of 72 families 208 genera 285 species around the reservoir, which can be divided into seven types of plant communities. More than 40 kinds of shrubs plant of water - resistant and drought - tolerant herbs are screened out. The slope of water - level - fluctuating zone in Hubei Province is steep, 12 types of vegetation community configurations are proposed for the high, middle and lower altitudes. The slope of water - level - fluctuating zone in Henan Province is gentle, economic seedlings can be planted in the high altitude, and 12 types of vegetation community configurations can be planted in the middle and lower altitude. Through the above measures, the ecological barrier function of the water - level - fluctuating zone can be restored and the sustainable development of the reservoir area can be promoted.