IL-23、IL-4和IL-17在过敏性疾病中作用的初步探讨

A preliminary study on the role of IL -23, IL- 4 and IL -17 in allergic diseases

目的分析白介素（IL）-23、IL-4、IL-17、IL-31在鸡蛋、鱼和尘螨致敏患者血清中的表达情况，为进一步阐明过敏性疾病的发病机制提供实验依据。方法采用问卷调查和面对面交流方法，了解徐州某地区人群鸡蛋、鱼和尘螨致过敏性疾病发病情况。收集2014年8月—2015年1月徐州某医院就诊的86例鸡蛋、鱼和尘螨致敏患者血清，其中包括鸡蛋致敏患者28例，鱼致敏患者36例，尘螨致敏患者22例；同时收集健康对照组血清23例。应用ELISA法检测血清中IL-23、IL-4、IL-17和IL-31含量。结果在1025份有效问卷中，有过敏性疾病史患者358例，患病率为34．93％。其中鸡蛋致敏患者占2．44％（25例），鱼致敏患者占4．49％（46例），尘螨致敏患者占15．51％（159例）。ELISA结果显示，鸡蛋、鱼和尘螨致敏患者血清中IL-23和IL-4水平均明显高于健康对照组（P〈0．05），尘螨致敏患者血清IL-23水平高于鱼和鸡蛋致敏患者（P〈0．05）；尘螨致敏患者血清IL-17水平高于健康对照组（P〈0．05）；3组致敏患者血清IL-31水平虽较健康对照组有所增加，但差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；尘螨致敏患者血清IL-31水平高于鱼致敏患者（P〈0．05）。结论IL-23、IL-4、IL-17在鸡蛋、鱼和尘螨致过敏性疾病中发挥重要作用，1L-23／IL-17轴可能对尘螨致敏的炎症慢性化起重要调节作用。

Objective To analyze the levels of serum interleukin （IL） -23, IL- 4, IL- 17 and IL- 31 in sensi- tized patients who were allergic to eggs, fish and dust mites, so as to provide experimental evidence for further clarifica- tion of the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Methods Questionnaires and interviews were performed to understand aller- gy to eggs, fish or dust mites in population of Xuzhou. A total of 86 patients who were admitted into a hospital of Xuzhou from August 2014 to January 2015 were enrolled, including 28 patients allergic to eggs, 36 patients allergic to fish and 22 patients allergic to dust mites. Meanwhile, another 23 healthy subjects were set as controls. The levels of their serum IL - 23, IL - 4, IL - 17 and IL - 31 were detected by ELISA. Results There were 1 025 valid questionnaires, where 358 patients （34.93%） suffering from allergic diseases. Specifically, 4.49% （46） patients were allergic to fish, 2.44% （25） were allergic to eggs and 15.51% （159） were allergic to dust mites. The levels of serum IL-23 and IL-4 were remarkably higher in patients who were allergic to eggs, fish and dust mites than those in the healthy control （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The level of serum IL - 23 in dust mite - sensitized patients was higher than those in eggs - and fish - sensitized patients （P 〈 0.05 ）. The level of serum IL - 17 in dust mite sensitized patients was higher than that in healthy control （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the control,＂ the other three types of sensitized patients presented slight increases in the level of serum IL- 31, without statistical significances （P 〉 0.05 ）. The amount of serum IL- 31 in dust mite -sensitized pa- tients was higher than that in fish - sensitized patients （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions IL - 23, IL - 4 and IL - 17 play im-portant roles in allergic diseases induced by eggs, fish and dust mites. IL - 23/IL - 17 shaft might contribute to the chro- nic inflammation of allergic diseases caused by dust mites.