积极心理学视角下护士长性格优势及其与幸福感的关系研究

Positive psychology on the character strengths of head nurses and the subjective well-being

目的:调查护士长性格优势的总体分布状况;探讨性格优势与护士长主观幸福感及生活满意度的关系。方法:采用便利抽样对安徽省21所综合医院179名护士长进行问卷调查。结果:发现护士长的五大显著优势依次为感恩感激、公民责任、善良慷慨、美的领悟和爱与被爱。通过单因素方差分析发现,洞察悟性、勇敢无畏、坚持勤奋等性格优势在年龄层次上存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。护士长性格优势中的兴趣好奇、洞察悟性、谨慎审慎、生机活力四种性格优势与主观幸福感存在高度相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。护士长性格优势中的兴趣好奇、洞察悟性、正直诚实、谨慎审慎、生机活力五种性格优势与生活满意度存在高度相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:医院管理者应重视护士长的选拔和培训工作,激发个体性格优势与积极潜能,为护理的未来做出应有的贡献。

Objective ： To investigate the overall distribution of character strengths of head nurses for evaluation of the relationship between personality advantage and subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction in head nurses.Methods：A total of 179 head nurses in 21 general hospitals in Anhui Province were subjected to the survey by convenient sampling.Results：The survey showed that the five major character strengths of head nurses were gratitude, civic responsibility, kindness and generosity, beauty appreciation and capacity for love-giving and being loved.Single factor analysis of variance indicated significant differences in age concerning curiosity,bravery and persistence （P〈0.05）.There was a significant correlation between the four character strengths,including interest, curiosity, carefulness, energetic, and the subjective well-being （P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01 ）.The differene was also significant between the five character strengths （ interest, curiosity, integrity, careful, energetic） and the life satisfaction（ P〈0.05 or P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion ： Hospital managers should pay attention to the selection and training of head nurses to improve the nursing quality within medical institutions through stimulating individual character strengths and positive potentials of this management group.