戊型肝炎病毒抗体检测的现状、问题与展望

Present Status,Problems and Prospects in the Detection of Antibodies against Hepatitis E Virus

戊型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis E virus,HEV）感染是包括我国在内发展中国家成人急性肝炎的主要原因,在发达国家戊型肝炎的发病率也在不断升高,且在免疫抑制患者中可引起慢性感染,因此对HEV感染的诊断受到广泛重视。血清学检测,包括抗-HEV IgM和IgG,仍是诊断HEV感染的主要手段,但目前存在的最大问题是检测抗-HEV抗体的试剂之间的敏感性和特异性差异很大,检测结果的符合率差。本文着重综述了国内外常用抗-HEV抗体检测试剂的组成以及检测结果,提出了今后可能有利于提高检测敏感性和特异性的研究构思。

Infection of hepatitis E virus（HEV）is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in adults of developing countries,including China.Recently,acute hepatitis E patients are increasing in developed countries.Moreover,HEV infection may chronically infect immunocompromised patients.Thus,the accurate diagnosis of HEV infection becomes an important topic.Serologic assays,including the detection of antiHEV IgM and IgG,remain to be the main methods to define HEV infection.However,the performance of the commercially available reagents for detecting anti-HEV antibodies varies considerably in sensitivity and specificity.This article mainly reviewed the components and performances of the commercially available reagents in the world.Furthermore,we proposed the ideas that may potentially be helpful to improve the sensitivity and specificity of reagents for detecting anti-HEV antibodies.