基于多参数指标的刀具磨损状态在线监测

On-line monitoring for cutting tool wear condition based on parameters

刀具在进行切削加工过程中,通过采集定速下的加速度信号,对其时域和频域的相关指标进行分析,提取有效的特征量,对刀具磨损状态进行在线监测。分析结果表明:在时域指标的有量纲参数中,均方根值和峭度对刀具磨损有较好的指示作用,当刀具在出现明显磨损时,该两参数的数值明显增大;在无量纲参数中,脉冲指标、裕度指标和偏斜度指标对于刀具磨损振动更加敏感;在频域指标参数中,均方频率和功率谱方差对刀具磨损的振动信号变化敏感,此方法研究可有效判断出在加工过程中刀具的实时磨损状况,具有一定的应用价值。

Cutting tool in cutting process, through collecting the acceleration signal under constant speed, analyze the relevant indicators of time domain and frequency domain, extract effective characteristics, make on-line monitoring for tool wear condition. The analysis results show that the indicators in time domain with dimensional parameters, root mean square value and the kurtosis indicates a role on the tool wear better, when the cutting tool has apparent wear, the value of the two parameters is obviously increased; in the dimensionless parameters, pulse index, margin index and skewness indicators are more sensitive to tool wear vibration; in the frequency domain parameters, the mean square frequency and power spectrum variance is sensitive to the change of the vibration signals of the tool wear, this method can effectively judge the real tool wear condition in the machining process. It has certain application value.