不锈钢/钢复合管水压爆炸焊接制造的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of stainless steel/steel composite tube manufactured by hydraulic explosion welding

为研究水压爆炸焊接法制造不锈钢/钢复合管的焊接效果及炸药与复合管之间水层厚度对焊接的影响,对传统内爆法制备双金属复合管的工艺安装进行了优化,并利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了不锈钢/钢复合管水压爆炸焊接制造的二维有限元模型,对其焊接过程及变形情况进行了数值模拟研究.在模拟过程中得到复管与基管碰撞结合面节点的速度曲线和结合界面的压力曲线.结果表明:炸药与复管之间水层厚为1.5 cm时,模拟焊接过程中得到复管的最大飞行速度约453 m/s,基复管结合界面的压力约9.46 GPa,均满足爆炸焊接窗口理论计算值的下限要求,可以实现焊接;复管的最大飞行速度随水层厚度增加而减小,复管与基管有效焊接时间随水层厚度增加而增加;炸药与复管之间增加水层能有效地防止基、复管的大变形.水压爆炸焊接法为薄厚度、变形差等特殊材质双金属管的制造提供了一个重要的借鉴与参考.

To study the quality of stainless steel/steel composite tubes fabricated by hydraulic explosion welding, and the effect of the water layer thickness between the tube and the powders on the welding, the process installation of traditional implosion method to fabricate bimetallic composite tubetwas improved. The 2D model of stainless steel/steel composite tube fabricated by hydraulic explosion welding was established through ANSYS/LS-DYNA, The welding process and deformation were simulated to obtain the velocity and pressure curve of bonding interface. The results show that, for 1.5 cm water layer thickness, the maximum flight speed of the flyer tube, and the bonding interface pressure is -453 m/s, and -9.46 GPa, repectively, which meets the theoretical limitation of explosion welding window. With increasing the water layer thickness, the maximum flight speed slows down and the effective welding time prolongs. The water layer can effectively prevent the large deformation of the composite tube. This method provides a significant insight for the manufacturing of thin-walled bimetallic tubes with special materials.