社区老年脑卒中患者家庭跟进式护理的效果观察

The effect of family follow-up care of patients with apoplexy in the community

目的观察社区老年脑卒中患者家庭跟进式护理的效果。方法选取2015年1~12月出院的老年脑卒中患者97例,采用隐匿随机数字表法将其分为2组。对照组48例仅进行随访和评估,观察组49例给予社区家庭跟进式护理。比较2组患者出院时、居家6个月后的血压、血糖、血脂、并发症发生率、再次卒中发生率和戒烟、戒酒、锻炼情况及生活能力、运动功能。结果居家6个月后观察组血压、血糖、血脂、戒烟、戒酒、锻炼达标率分别为73.47%、97.96%、61.22%、71.43%,明显高于对照组的54.17%、79.17%、37.50%、29.17%,Barthel指数、简式Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分均高于对照组(t=5.119,P=0.035;t=5.873,P=0.031),并发症发生率低于对照组(χ2=5.538,P=0.019)。2组患者再次卒中发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.242)。结论社区家庭跟进式护理可有效控制脑卒中患者发病的危险因素,降低并发症发生率,而且可根据患者恢复情况给予科学的指导和督促,对恢复患者生活能力和运动功能有显著的作用。

Objective To observe the effect of family follow-up care for elderly patients with stroke in the community.Methods Totally 97 senile cerebral apoplexy patients discharged between January and December 2015 were randomly divided into an observation group of 49 and a control group of 48.The control group was given routine follow-up and evaluation,while the observation group was provided with family follow-up nursing.The blood pressure,blood glucose,blood fat,incidence of complications,reoccurrence of stroke,smoke-quitting,abstinence,exercises taking,activities of daily living and motor function were compared between the two groups at the discharge and 6 months later.Results Six months after the discharge,the blood pressure,blood sugar,blood fat,smoke-quitting,abstinence and exercises compliance rate of the observation group were 73.47%,97.96%,61.22% and 71.43%,which significantly higher than that of the control group(54.17%,79.17%,37.50% and 29.17%).Moreover,the average Barthel index and Fugl-Meyer assessment scale scores of the former group was significantly higher than the latter(t=5.119,P=0.035;t=5.873,P=0.031),while the incidence of complications of the former group was significantly lower than the latter(χ2=4.017,P=0.031).There was no significant difference in the reoccurrence of stroke between the two groups.Conclusion Community family follow-up nursing can effectively control risking factors of cerebral apoplexy patients and reduce the incidence of complications.Moreover,scientific guidance and supervision can be given to significantly promote the restoring of the activities of daily life and motor function.