纤维素酶-超声波辅助法提取葡萄籽原花青素的工艺研究

Study on the Extraction Process of Proanthocyanidins from Grape Deeds by Cellulase-ultrasound Assisted Method

以乙醇为提取剂,纤维素酶为酶解剂,超声波为辅助工具,对脱脂葡萄籽中的原花青素进行提取。首先,分别研究纤维素酶添加量、乙醇体积分数、料液比和超声时间对原花青素提取率的影响;得到最佳条件分别为纤维酶添加量10 mg/g,乙醇体积分数50%,料液比1∶35(g∶mL),超声时间25 min。根据上述结果设计正交试验,进一步研究这些因素对原花青素提取率的影响。结果发现,纤维素酶添加量对原花青素提取率有显著影响,而乙醇体积分数、料液比和超声时间对原花青素提取率无显著影响;并得出原花青素的最佳提取工艺为纤维素酶用量8 mg/g,乙醇体积分数55%,料液比1∶40(g∶mL)),超声时间20 min。以以上条件对脱脂葡萄籽进行原花青素提取试验,所得葡萄籽原花青素提取率为17.2%,比单用超声波提取法提高了17.8%。

The extraction of procyanidins from defatted grape seeds was carried out by using ethanol as extractant,cellulase as enzyme and ultrasonic as auxiliary tool. First,the effects of cellulase addition,ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic time on the extraction rate of procyanidins were studied. The optimum conditions were adding cellulase 10 mg/g,ethanol concentration 50%,solid-liquid ratio 1∶35（g∶mL）,and ultrasonic time 25 min. Based on the above results,orthogonal experiments were designed to further study the effect of these factors on the extraction rate of procyanidins. The results showed that the addition of cellulase had a significant effect on the extraction rate of Proanthocyanidins,but the ethanol concentration,the solid-liquid ratio and the time of extraction had no significant effect on the extraction rate of procyanidins. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows,cellulase 8 mg/g,ethanol concentration 55%,solid-liquid ratio1 ∶40（g∶mL）,ultrasonic time 20 min. The extraction of procyanidins from defatted grape seeds was carried out under these conditions,and extraction rate of procyanidins from grape seed was 17.2%, which was 17.8% higher than that of ultrasonic extraction alone.