2012-2016年天津市从业人群肺结核病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics analysis on tuberculosis among employees in Tianjin city during 2012-2016

目的:了解天津市从业人群肺结核患者流行病学特征,为制定从业人群结核病防控策略提供科学依据。方法:对2012-2016年个人到天津市疾病预防控制中心做健康体检的从业人员做胸部X线检查以检测肺结核并对其健康检查资料进行统计学分析。结果:5年共体检62 319人,确诊肺结核患者63人,检出率为0.101%;各年检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=28.582,P<0.05)。从总体上看,从业人群肺结核患者检出存在3月高峰和8月高峰;不同性别差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.554,P<0.05);不同年龄差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.859,P<0.05);不同户籍所在地差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.941,P<0.05);不同行业差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.153,P>0.05);除原发型外各型肺结核均有检出,以双侧肺结核检出最多。结论:外地户籍的青壮年男性是天津市从业人群结核病防治的重点人群,3月及8月是重点监测时段,应强化体检机制、加大宣传力度、重视区域协同合作。

O bjective： To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among the employees in Tianjin and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures for the crowd. Methods： Tuberculosis detection was made by doing chest X-ray for employees who did a physical examination in Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention during 2012 to 2016 and statistical analysis was conducted on the health examination data. Results：A total of 62 319 people participated in the health examination in the 5 years, 64 of who were confirmed tuberculosis, and the detection rate was 0.101%. The detection rate over the years had statistical significance（χ^2=28.582,P〈0.05）.The detection of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in general, showed two peaks in March and August.Gender difference had statistical significance（χ^2=6.554,P〈0.05）. Age difference had statistical significance（χ^2=16.859,P〈0.05）.The difference of residence location had statistical significance（χ^2=4.941,P〈0.05）.Occupational difference was not statistically significant（χ^2=1.153,P〈0.05）.All types of tuberculosis were detected except for the original and bilateral tuberculosis presented the highest detection rate.Conclusion：The young male of the nonlocal household registration is the key to tuberculosis prevention and control in Tianjin, March and August are suggested to be the key monitoring period. It is necessary to improve physical examination mechanism, increase publicity propaganda and strengthen regional synergies.