再造秩序:王安石变法的道、术与势

Reconstructing the Order:The Tao,Methods and Strength in Wang Anshi′s Reform

为解决王朝危机,道是王安石再造秩序的核心理念,法度、人才、理财则构成道衍伸的三个核心范畴。道与法的贯通必须经由术而实现,士大夫在宋代治理结构中十分重要,王安石通过对儒家经典的改造,实现了对意识形态的重塑和强控制。此外,皇权是变法启动的原动力,同治格局以君臣对道达成共识为前提,儒生君权的结合为秩序再造提供了超级组织力量与实践动力。然而,变法的国家主义和实用主义倾向使改革脱离了原有的社会基础,变法即失于势。

In order to solve the crisis of Song Dynasty,Wang Anshi's core concept of reform is Tao,in which,the laws,talented persons and finance are the essential parts.The connection of Tao and laws must be realized through methods,which are very important to achieve Tao.Scholar officials are very crucial to song dynasty's management,so Wang Anshi completed the ideological remolding and control through the transformation of the Confucian classics.In addition,the imperial power is the driving force behind the reform behind Wang's reform,while cooperation pattern and reaching a consensus between the monarch and his subjects are the premise of reform.The combination of Confucian scholars and monarchical rights provides the super strength and practical impetus for the order reconstruction.However,the tendencies of nationalism and pragmatism of the reform have left the reform out of its original social foundation,thus the reforms are defeated.