义务教育艺术类课程文件分析——基于核心素养角度

The Analysis of Compulsory Education Arts Curriculum Documents:From the Perspective of Key Competencies

文章对我国最近20多年颁布的3个版本的义务教育音乐、美术教学大纲和课程标准进行分析。结果发现:不同时期的音乐、美术课程文件都在一定程度上反映了核心素养的诉求;我国的音乐、美术课程文件对创造性与问题解决最为重视,而各国际组织和经济体则对沟通与合作最为关注;音乐课程文件中的沟通与合作比美术课程文件中更多,而美术课程文件中的批判性思维比音乐课程文件中更多。并提出:义务教育音乐、美术课程标准都应该指向核心素养;义务教育音乐、美术课程标准都应该体现培养学生核心素养的学科优势;义务教育音乐、美术课程标准都应该明确落实核心素养的教育评价内容和指标;义务教育艺术课程应该逐步成为发展学生核心素养的核心课程。

In this paper, the author analyzes the three editions of compulsory education music and art teaching syllabus and curriculum standards in China in the last 20 years. The research fndings include： all the music and art curriculum documents from different periods refect the appeals of key competencies to some extent; The music and art curriculum documents attach greatest importance to creativity and problem solving in China, while those of various international organizations and economic entities attach greatest importance to communication and collaboration. The words of communication and collaboration in the music curriculum documents are more, while those of critical thinking in the art curriculum documents are more. The author proposed four suggestions： the compulsory education curriculum standards of music and art should focus on key competencies, should reflect the subject advantages respectively on training the key competencies of students, and should definitely implement the education-evaluating content and indicator of the key competencies; the compulsory education art curriculum should gradually become the core curriculum of developing the key competencies of students.