淘宝村集聚的时空演变及形成机制

Formation Mechanism and Spatial-temporal Evolution of Taobao Villages Agglomeration

淘宝村在拉动农村就业和创业、增加农民收入、促进城乡一体化等方面具有重要作用。对中国淘宝村的研究发现,淘宝村的发展呈现出"初期连续平稳式增长、近期快速跳跃式增长"的时间演化特征和"均质分散到局部集聚"的空间演变特征。进一步的计量分析表明:(1)淘宝村核密度整体水平明显提高,呈现出"全域整体偏少,局部相对集中"的空间不均衡分布格局;(2)空间结构上表现为明显的交通指向性和沿海指向性,具有"点-轴-网"演变的发展态势;(3)空间上不断涌现较多的新核,现有的多核又进一步聚集,形成规模更大的单核。在实地调研河南省桑坡村的基础上,提出了"六边形"模型是淘宝村形成的内在作用机制,其中能人的发现与培育是其形成的关键环节。

The Taobao villages play a very significant role in stimulating rural employment and entrepreneurship,increasing farmers' income and promoting the integration of urban and rural areas. The research results on Taobao villages in China showed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics,which was as follows: in temporal dimension,it showed the characteristics of continuous and stable growth at the early stage,and growing leaps and bounds in the near future. In spatial dimension,it presented the characteristics of "from homogenous disperse to local cluster". The further results of econometric analysis were as follows:( 1) The kernel density level of Taobao villages has been markedly improved as a whole,which showed the unevenness space distribution pattern of "less in whole universe,while relatively agglomerative in local".( 2) The traffic direction and the coastal directivity is obvious,and in spatial structure with the developing trend of"point-axis-net".( 3) More new cores are emerging in the space,and the existing multi-cores gather further to form larger single core at last. Based on the investigation of Sangpo Village in Henan Province,this research put forward the inner formation mechanism of "hexagon"model of Taobao villages,in which the discovery and cultivation of capable persons is the key factor of the formation.