风景林四季景观色彩规划方法研究——以紫金山为例

Methods of Color Plan of Landscape Forest at All Seasons—a Case Study of Purple Mountain

为探索风景林色彩规划方法,提升四季色彩景观质量,促进森林经营旅游发展,以2002年紫金山森林二类调查数据为基础,通过色彩多样性指标及冷暖色块比例计算,分析森林四季景观色彩的现状。并采用次优势色块替代和新增色块两种方法,规划紫金山森林四季景观色彩斑块。研究结果表明:次优势色块替代法适用于秋季色彩规划,其余三季色彩规划应采用新增色块法。规划后,色彩分布格局较为均衡,各季色块分布较为集中。色块数量、暖色块比例在四季都有所提升,色彩组成在各季也都更加丰富。1)增加夏季非绿色彩斑块数量和暖色块比例,解决了无暖色的问题;改变了冬季褐色系的暖色块格局,并添加了黄色系暖色块数量,提高色彩观赏性。2)四季景观色彩形成区域性格局。3)多规划方法结合,全面、科学地规划四季色彩,可为我国其他风景林四季景观色彩规划提供借鉴。

To explore the methods of color plan of landscape forest,improve the quality of forest color landscape at four seasons and develop the tourism of forest management,based on data of forest management of Purple Mountain in 2002,the status of four seasons' forest landscape colors were analyzed by calculation of Color Diversity Index and ratio of patches of warm and cool colors.Two methods of Replacement of Subdominant Color-patches and Color-patches Increasing were used to plan color patches.The results showed that the color of autumn was better planned by Replacement of Subdominant Color-patches Method,and Color-patches Increasing Method could be used to plan the rest season's colors.After planning,the distribution of different colors was balance and gathering in every season.The number of col-or-patches and ratio of warm color was both increased which enriched the color composition.1) The plan solves the problem of color composition without warm color by increasing quantities of no-green color pathes and warm-color-pathes' percentage; it changes the distribution of brown warm patches,and adds yellow warm-patches which promote the appreciation of varies of colors.2) Colors of all seasons are featured by regional pattern.3) The combination of diverse methods made color planing comprehensively and scientifically.This can provide reference for other forest seasan color planing.