蔡应龙家世及戏曲改编心态考论

Research on the Biography of Cai Yinglong and His Views on Drama Adaptation

蔡应龙是清代雍正年间的戏曲家,著有传奇《琵琶重光记》和《紫玉记》。二剧分别改编自高明的《琵琶记》和汤显祖的《紫箫记》,除对原著固有情节进行修缮外,增加了新关目以抒发作者的悲慨。蔡应龙的家世背景历来无考,《德清蔡氏宗谱》证明他出身江南世家"德清蔡氏",父亲蔡升元是康熙二十一年状元。蔡升元死后发生的一场家难,毁掉了蔡应龙的科举前途,导致他后半生赋闲。这使他逐渐形成为古人"洗污"、为缺憾人生"补恨"的戏曲改编理念。其重点在补恨的改编心态,承接了清初毛纶的补恨说,又对其进行了实践上的更新与理论上的拓展。

The dramatist Cai Yinglong of the Qing dynasty wrote the Notes of Pipa and the Notes of Jade. He is from Deqing,one town of Huzhou,Zhejiang Province. On the basis of local chronicles,his father Cai Shengyuan was the Number One Scholar in a imperial examination in Kangxi reign and his life experience can be proved. Besides,Cai Yinglong lost his official position after being drifted into a law suit,which led him to spend his rest of life on drama writing. Cai Yinglong＇s theoretic thoughts of drama adaptation,on the basis of his knowledge about Mao Lun＇s＂theory of compensating for regret＂,are the product of drama theory imitation and Cai＇s tragic life experience.