农事与乡情:河北涉县旱作梯田系统的驴文化

Farming and Living:the Donkey Culture of the Dryland Terrace Agriculture System

王金庄村位于中国重要农业文化遗产河北涉县旱作梯田系统的核心区。其唇齿相依的生态格局、人驴共作的生产方式及情感交织产生的共命运文化心态,构成了旱作梯田系统的农业生产模式与村落生活样态。毛驴是村庄农业发展的基本生产要素,"驴-花椒-石堰"耦合结构是生产模式,驴文化则是村落社会文化体系的重要组成部分,是对旱作梯田系统全景式的反映。村落日常生活中有关毛驴的牲口买卖、驯化教育、疾病医治、文化仪式等组成驴文化的形貌,塑造和延续着旱作梯田系统的存续与发展。藉由驴文化,文章提出村落文化的发掘对于农业文化遗产保护与发展具有重要意义,其有益于生态环境保护、农耕技艺留存与乡土社会永续。

Wangjinzhuang village is located in the core area of the Shexian County Dryland Terrace Agriculture System which is a site of the National Important Agricultural Heritage System （China-NIAHS）. It consists of the agricultural pro- duction mode and the village life pattern of the Dryland Terrace Agriculture System that the closely-dependent ecological pattern, human-donkey cooperative production mode and fate-shared cultural mentality generated by villagers＇ mixed feel- ings are combined together. Donkey is the basic production factor of the agriculture development of Wangjinzhuang village. The DPS coupling structure （ ＇ Donkey-Pepper-Stone＇ for short） is the production mode of dryland terrace agriculture. The Donkey Culture is an significant component of rural socio cultural system and panoramic reflection of the Dryland Terrace Agriculture System. Knowledge about donkeys can be realized in aspects of cattle business, domestication, health care, cultural ceremony, which constitute the feature of the Donkey Culture, forming and continuing the Dryland Terrace Agricul- ture System. By the Donkey Culture, this study proposed a viewpoint that the exploration of rural culture has great significa- tion for the protection and development of Agricultural Heritage Systems, which is beneficial to the protection of ecology, preservation of farming skills and sustainability of rural society.