基于能值理论与稻田灌溉多功能性农业水价机制分析

Analysis on agricultural water pricing mechanism based on emergy theory and multi-functionality of paddy field irrigation

通过梳理国内外农业水价改革的现状,针对南方丰水地区农业现状水价偏低、农民用水粗放、水费征收政策不完善和部分地区改革后水价偏高、超过农民承受能力、改革的政策实行与落地困难等问题,融合能值理论和稻田灌溉多功能性理论,提出了成本水价核算的新思路和新方法,定量计算了水价外部效益值.通过农业外部水价的构建和计算,解决了水价分担的部分问题,同时完善了水价改革机制.将该方法应用于扬中市农业水价综合改革的探索,给出了合理的水价价格为0.048~0.088元/m^3,结果证明了该方法的可行性和可靠性,能积极有效促进农业水价的综合改革.

The perfection of water pricing mechanism is the core issue of agricultural water price reform. By reviewing the current situation of agricultural water price reform in China and abroad,a few problems were identified,such as low agricultural water price in regions of the south of China,where are with abundant water supply,extensive use of water by farmers,imperfect policy of water charge collection,higher water price in some regions even beyond the farmers affordability,the difficulty in water price reform policy implementation and realization. To solve these problems,a new idea and method are put forward for cost accounting of water price based on emergy theory and multi-functionality of paddy field irrigation,and the external value of water price is calculated quantitatively. By configuring and calculating agricultural external water price,some problems in water price sharing is solved,and the mechanism of water price reform is improved. The method is applied to the explorationof comprehensive reform of agricultural water price of Yangzhong City,The reasonable price of water is 0. 048—0. 088 Yuan/m^3. It is shown that the method is feasible and reliable,and beneficial to promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price.