青少年内向性行为与遗传和环境因素相关性

Correlation of adolescents internalizing problem behavior with genetic and environmental factors

目的探讨青少年内向性行为与遗传因素及环境因素的相关性。方法采用Achenbach青少年自评量表(youth self-report,YSR)对重庆市12~18岁74对双生子的内向行为进行评定。采用一般情况问卷、父母的养育方式和维度问卷(the parenting styles and dimensions questionaire,PSDQ)、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(family adaptability and cohesion evaluationscale,2nd edition,Chinese version,FACESⅡ-CV)、家庭压力问卷(family stresses questionnaire,FSQ)、应激生活事件(stressful life event,SLE)等调查环境因素;采用简易应对方式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)调查应对方式;采集双生子静脉血提取DNA进行卵型鉴定。通过OPEN-MX软件构建单因素结构方程模型,分析加性遗传因素、共享环境因素、个体特异性环境因素与双生子内向行为的相关程度。结果不同卵型双生子间父母养育方式、家庭压力、家庭亲密度及应对方式分值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);双生子内向行为与家庭亲密度(r=-0.223,P=0.011)呈负相关,与家庭压力(r=0.232,P=0.008)、专制型养育方式(r=0.206,P=0.018)、消极应对(r=0.409,P=0.001)呈正相关;与应激生活事件、父母的教育程度、职业等相关性无统计学意义(P>0.05);结构方程显示,在内向行为总变异方差中加性遗传效应占0.51(95%CI:0.27~0.69)、个体特异性环境因素占0.49(95%CI:0.31~0.73)。结论青少年内向性行为与遗传及环境因素相关程度基本接近;与父母专制型养育方式、家庭压力、家庭亲密度等家庭因素及消极应对有关。

Objective To explore the relationship of adolescents internalizing problem behavior with genetic and environmental factors. Methods The internalizing problem behavior of 74 twin pairs from Chongqing （aged from 12 to18 years） were investigated using The Youth Self-Report （YSR）. The family adaptability and cohesion evaluationscale 2nd edition Chinese version （FACES ]] -CV）, Family Stresses Questionnaire （FSQ）, the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire （PSDQ）, Stressful Life Event （SLE） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） were applied to assess their environment factors and coping style. The blood sample was collected to verify zygosity of twins. Structural equation modeling （SEM） was performed to evaluate the relationship of adolescents internalizing problem behavior with the additive genetic factors （A）, shared environment factors （C） and individual specific environmental factors （E）. Results The scores of PSDQ and FSQ FACES Ⅱ -CV SCSQ were no significantly different between homozygotic and dizygotic twins （P〉0.05） . There were significantly negative correlation between internalizing problem behavior and family cohesion （r=0.223, P=0.011）. The scores of adolescent internalizing problem behavior were positively correlated with the scores of family stresses （r=0.232, P=0.008）, the scores of Authoritarian-parenting-style （r=0.206, P=0.018）, the scores of negative coping style （r =0.408, P=0.001）;the scores of adolescents internalizing behavioral problems were not significantly correlated with the scores of the stress life events, and the scores of the parenting education level and occupation. The effects of A and E on adolescent internalizing problem behavior were 0.51 （95%CI：0.27-0.69） and 0.49 （95% CI： 0.31-0.73） respectively. Conclusion Environmental factors and genetic factors contribute equally to adolescents internalizing problem behavior, which is affected by the authoritarian-parenting-style, family stresses, family cohesion and negative coping style.