曾侯乙墓出土人骨的牙齿微磨耗形态研究

Dental Microwear Analysis of the Human Remains from Marquis Yi of Zeng Tomb

本文通过对曾侯乙墓出土的人类牙齿标本进行微磨耗形态观察与分析,重建了该时期曾国国君及其陪葬人员的食物结构,13例样本的牙齿颊面条痕磨耗痕迹显示其水平方向条痕平均长度/垂直方向条痕平均长度的平均比值为64.8%,与以狩猎经济为主要生业方式的肉食类人群较为相近,推测曾侯乙墓出土个体的食物结构中有着较高比例的肉类食物摄入。在数据分布上,墓主人、东椁室陪葬个体、西椁室陪葬个体之间的数值差异显著,印证了此前对于东、西椁室陪葬人员身份角色的判断,表明了不同身份的人群在食物结构上存在一定的等级差异。

The Marquis Yi of Zeng tomb, located in southem China, was thought to belong to the King of the Zeng State during the Warring States Period. Dental microwear analysis focuses on the mi- croscopic scratches that formed on the tooth＇s surface as the result of chewing were used for this analy- sis. Different microwear patterns on the buccal surface indicate different dietary compositions. In this study, the scratches of the buccal surfaces were studied on molars from the marquis＇ tomb. All 13 sam- ples were observed under 200X magnification with electron 3D deep-field microscope. The length and orientation of each scratch on the buccal surface indicated that the individuals of the tomb mainly in- gested animal products. This result fiarther supports the historical record and archaeological research on the Zeng State＇ s dietary compositions. Furthermore, the different results showed between the individu- als in different zones of the tomb indicates that there existed a hierarchic difference among the individu- als in this tomb and others throughout the Zeng state.