基于ISSR分子标记的野生山莨菪遗传多样性研究

Genetic diversity research on Anisodus tanguticus based on ISSR molecular markers

目的通过对甘肃、青海山莨菪Anisodus tanguticus遗传多样性研究,为野生山莨菪资源的保护提供依据。方法采用ISSR分子标记技术,对11个野生山莨菪居群的127份DNA进行扩增,对其扩增条带进行遗传多样性分析,在所得遗传距离的基础上进行UPGMA聚类和Mantel检验地理距离,对野生山莨菪居群间遗传多样性差异进行分析。结果 10条ISSR引物共检测到131个条带,每条引物11~15个,平均13.1个,共858个多态性位点;居群平均多态性位点百分率(PPB)59.54%;Nei’s遗传多样性指数(H)为0.220 4,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.325 4;遗传距离变化范围0.073 3~0.306 2;Mantel检验P=0.002。结论 11个野生山莨菪居群间具有较高的遗传多样性,各居群间遗传距离与地理距离显著相关,甘肃,青海山莨菪居群间存在较高多态性,物种遗传多样性较为丰富,对野生山莨菪资源的保护与可持续利用提供了参考。

Objective In order to provide some information for the domestication and protection of wild Anisodus tanguticus, therefore to analyze the genetic polymorphism and the relationship of A. tanguticus from Gansu and Qinghai province in China. Methods The amplifying products from 127 DNA based on ISSR makers technique were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 11 populations of wild A. tanguticus. The clustering analysis of the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average（UPGMA） and making Mantel test on geographic distance were carried out on the basis of genetic distance abtained, then a dendrogram was constructed. Results Total 131 alleles were amplified by using 10 ISSR primers. The number of alleles in per primer range was 11—15 with an average of 13.1, and 858 polymorphic loci were got finally. The average percentage of polymorphic loci（PPB） was 59.54%. The Nei＇s gene diversity（H） and Shannon＇s information index（I） were 0.220 4 and 0.325 4 respectively. The genetic distances range was 0.073 3—0.306 2, and Mantel test P = 0.002. Conclusion The genetic polymorphism among 11 populations of A. tanguticus is relatively abundant and there is a directly relationship between genetic distance and geographical distribution among them. There is a high polymorphism among A. tanguticus populations between Gansu and Qinghai and the plentiful genetic diversity of species can provide a reference for the protection and sustainable utilizing of wild A. tanguticus resources.