贵阳市社区中老年居民3年糖尿病发病率及危险因素探讨

3-year morbidity of diabetes of the middie-aged and elderly residents in a community of Guiyang and an analysis of risk factors

目的调查贵阳市社区40岁及以上居民3年糖尿病累积发病情况及危险因素。 方法2011年5月至2011年10月采用整群抽样的方法抽取贵阳市云岩区社区40岁以上常住居民共10 140人，并于2014年对该人群进行随访，2次调查对象均进行相同标准的问卷调查、体格检查及血脂、口服糖耐量试验测定。最终5 958名基线及随访资料完整且基线无糖尿病的研究对象被纳入到分析当中。 结果研究人群中糖尿病3年累积发病率为6.13%，基线非糖尿病人群转归为糖尿病的主要影响因素为年龄（OR＝1.589，95%CI 1.395~1.809，P〈0.01）、体重指数（OR＝2.012，95%CI 1.632~2.479，P〈0.01）、脉率（OR＝1.019，95%CI 1.012~1.025，P〈0.01）、家族史（OR＝1.700，95%CI 1.299~2.225，P〈0.05）、基线空腹血糖（OR＝3.132，95%CI 2.478~3.958, P〈0.01）、基线糖负荷后2h血糖（OR＝1.698，95%CI 1.574~1.832，P〈0.01）、总胆固醇（OR＝1.350，95%CI 1.060~1.719，P〈0.05）、三酰甘油（OR＝2.196，95%CI 1.758~2.743，P〈0.01）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（OR＝0.540，95%CI 0.375~0.776，P〈0.01）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（OR＝1.614，95%CI 1.094~2.382，P〈0.05）。 结论贵阳社区人群3年糖尿病累计发病率为6.13%，糖尿病发病风险与年龄、脉率、糖尿病家族史、超重与肥胖、基线血糖、血脂水平显著相关。

ObjectiveTo investigate the accumulative 3-year morbidity of diabetes in the residents aged 40 years and above in a community of Guiyang and the risk factors. MethodsA total of 10 140 permanent residents aged over 40 years in a community of Guiyang were selected from May 2011 to October 2011 using randomized sampling. This population was followed up again in 2014. Questionnaires, physical examination, blood lipids and oral glucose tolerance test were performed among the subjects of study for two surveys with the same criteria. Finally, 5 958 subjects with complete data and without baseline diabetes at the two time points were enrolled in this study for analysis. ResultsThe 3-year accumulative morbidity of diabetes in this population was 6.13%（6.59% in males, 5.65% in females）. The main factors influencing the incidence of diabetes mellitus were age（OR=1.589, 95%CI 1.395-1.809, P〈0.01）, body mass index（OR=2.012, 95%CI 1.632-2.479, P〈0.01）, pulse rate（OR=1.019, 95%CI 1.012-1.025, P〈0.01）, family history（OR=1.700, 95%CI 1.299-2.225, P〈0.05）, fasting plasma glucose at baseline（OR=3.132, 95%CI 2.478-3.958, P〈0.01）, 2 h plasma glucose at baseline（OR=1.698, 95%CI 1.574-1.832, P〈0.01）, total cholesterol（OR=1.350, 95%CI 1.060-1.719, P〈0.05）, triglyceride（OR=2.196, 95%CI 1.758-2.743, P〈0.01）, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol（OR=0.540, 95%CI 0.375-0.776, P〈0.01）, and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol（OR=1.614, 95%CI 1.094-2.382, P〈0.05）. Conclusion3-year morbidity of diabetes in Guiyang was 6.13%. The incidence of diabetes is notably correlated with aging, faster pulse frequency, overweight and obesity, higher baseline blood glucose, and dyslipidemia.