不同产区烟叶生长后期糖苷态致香成分总量的动态变化

Dynamic variations of aglycon aroma components and contents in tobacco leaves from different producing areas at later growth stage

为揭示烟叶生长后期糖苷态潜香物的生成规律,改善烟叶香气品质,采用SDE(同时蒸馏萃取)-GC/MS法分析了不同产区(河南内乡、宝丰,云南玉溪、普洱,四川会理)同一品种相同栽培条件下的烟叶在生长后期糖苷态致香成分及其质量分数的动态变化。结果表明:(1)在5个产区烟叶中检测到的糖苷态致香成分相同,共计28种,其中醛类4种、酮类17种、醇类5种,另有内酯及酚类各1种;(2)5个产区烟叶中糖苷态致香成分总量均随烟叶成熟度的增加而增大,移栽55 d后总量开始增加,85 d达最高值,100 d后又稍有下降;(3)在烟叶生长后期,糖苷态致香成分的总量为宝丰、内乡产区烟叶高于会理、玉溪及普洱产区烟叶;(4)宝丰、玉溪、普洱和会理产区烟叶中各类糖苷态致香成分的量均是醛类>酮类>醇类>其他(内酯及酚类),内乡产区烟叶为酮类>醛类>醇类>其他;在烟叶生长后期各类致香成分的量及致香成分总量的变化趋势相同。

In order to determine the formation mechanism of glycoside aroma precursors in tobacco leaves at later growth stage and to improve the aroma quality of tobacco leaves, the variations of aglycon aroma components and their contents in tobacco leaves of same cultivar under the same cultivation conditions from different producing areas（Neixiang and Baofeng in Henan Province, Yuxi and Puer in Yunnan Province, and Huili in Sichuan Province） were analyzed by SDE-GC/MS method. The results showed that：1） The aglycon aroma components detected in tobacco leaves from 5 areas were the same, with 28 chemical types in total, including 4 aldehydes, 17 ketones, 5 alcohols, 1 phenol and 1 lactone. 2）The total content of all the aglycon aroma components from 5 areas all increased with the increase of leaf maturity, increasing from the 55th day after transplantation and peaked on the 85th day, then decreased slightly after 100 days. 3）At later growth stage, the total content of all aglycon aroma components in leaves from Neixiang and Baofeng was higher than that from Huili, Yuxi and Puer. 4） The aglycon aroma contents were in the order of：aldehydes 〉 ketones 〉 alcohols 〉 others （lactone and phenol） in leaves from Baofeng, Yuxi, Puer and Huili, which were ketones 〉 aldehydes 〉 alcohols 〉 others in leaves from Neixiang. The content variations of all aglycon aroma components were the same as that of their total content.