我国城乡居民高等教育投资收益及变动的实证研究

Empirical Research on Urban and Rural Residents Higher Investment Income and Its Changes

基于CHNS数据库,并采用赫克曼(Hecit)两步法对样本选择偏差进行处理,运用标准的和扩展的明瑟收益率模型,以及分位数回归法,对城乡居民高等教育个人投资收益率及变动趋势从整体、分城乡、分阶层三个视角进行了研究。研究发现,整体面上我国居民高等教育个人投资收益率在不断增加,且在高校扩招政策实施的1999年后尤为突出;城乡居民高等教育个人投资收益率以1999年为界,之前无显著差异,之后城乡差距明显并逐渐拉大,反映高校扩招有增加城乡居民高等教育收益率差距的作用;收入分层分析显示,除去收入两端的最低最高收入阶层,整个社会基本表现收入阶层越高,高等教育投资收益率越高;城乡阶层对比分析发现,在低收入及最低阶层中,农村居民高等教育个人投资收益率大于城市居民高等教育个人投资收益率,而在中高收入阶层中,情况相反。

Based on CHNS sets,urban and rural residents investment income of higher education was studies.The study found that residents personal investment rate of return of higher education is increasing,especially after 1999;and the investment income gap between urban and rural areas was gradually widening after 1999.The income stratification analysis shows the higher the income,the higher the return on investment in higher education,except the lowest and the highest income class.Comparative analysis of urban and rural sectors,rate of return of rural is higher than urban in low-income and lowest stratum,but instead in high-income Order.