稻田与池塘养殖中华鳖日本品系的体组成及营养品质比较

Comparison of nutritional composition and quality between the paddy-cultured and pond-cultured Pelodiscus sinensis Japanese strain

对稻田和池塘养殖的2组中华鳖日本品系的形体指数以及肌肉和裙边的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、氨基酸组成和质构特性进行了对比分析。结果显示:(1)稻田鳖与池塘鳖的肝体指数、裙体比和体脂率差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)稻田鳖与池塘鳖的肌肉、裙边水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分和氨基酸组成无显著差异(P>0.05),进一步分析显示,池塘鳖肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量高于稻田鳖,稻田鳖裙边氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量高于池塘鳖,两者均具有较高的营养价值。(3)池塘鳖肌肉的硬度、粘性和胶黏性显著高于稻田鳖(P<0.05),裙边的硬度、胶黏性和咀嚼性显著高于稻田鳖(P<0.05),稻田鳖肌肉和裙边的口感优于池塘鳖。

In order to provide a reference for culturing Pelodiscus sinensis Japanese strain in the paddy fields, differences in body composition and nutritional quality between the paddy-cultured and pond-cultured P. sinensis Japanese strain were analyzed. The results showed that no significant differences in hepatosomatic index, body skirt rate and body fat ratios as well as the content of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, ash, amino acids composition in the muscle and skirt were observed between the paddy-cultured and pond-cultured P. sinensis Japanese strain（P〉0.05）. The hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess of the muscle and the hardness, gumminess, chewiness of the skirt of the pond-cultured P. sinensis Japanese strain were significant higher than those of the paddy-cultured ones（P〈0.05）. In summary, P. sinensis Japanese strains cultured in the two models showed a high nutritional value and the paddy-cultured one provided better taste than that cultured in the pond according to the texture profile.